Why The World Isn’t Flat: Debunking Thomas Friedman

Ha-Joon Chang, a South Korean economist, gave a lecture for the New America Foundation on February 1, 2008 titled Why The World Isn’t Flat. The lecture was on why developing nations should look at the history of successful nations, rather than just adopting the orthodox free market approach being demanded of them. Chang’s speech was based on his book , in which he demonstrates why unfettered capitalism is not a good idea for developing countries.

The conventional wisdom states that out of thirty or so successful countries, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan were the only ones to succeed with subsidies and government intervention while all the others had an orthodox free market, but Chang says that the opposite is actually true – the Netherlands, Hong Kong, and Switzerland were the only countries that managed to succeed with an orthodox free market.

Chang gives Japan’s support of Toyota as one example of the success of protectionism. He also brings up Alexander Hamilton’s support for a protected manufacturing economy in the United States.

A metaphor Chang uses to refute Thomas Friedman’s “flat world” in which all countries compete on a level playing field, is that of boxing’s weight classes. It makes no sense for an economic lightweight like Honduras to want to go up against a heavyweight like the United States. The global economic competition is a game of unequal players. The developing countries like Honduras need a titled playing field on which they can protect and subsidize their producers in order to compete.

Ha-Joon Chang’s full lecture is available to view below:

The State Of Alcohol: Vermont

Vermont is a great state for beer enthusiasts. Despite tons of competition, Vermont has the most breweries per capita of any state in America, with one brewery per 26,073 people. Vermont’s wide selection of microbreweries, pubs, taverns, and homebrews are sure to satisfy any hop head.

The following are some of my favorite local brews, arranged in no particular order:

Switchback

One local brewery is , which is based out of Burlington, Vermont. Switchback makes the Switchback line of beer, which was traditionally only sold by the keg or on tap. However, on October 22, 2012 the Switchback line was expanded to include can sales.

Switchback’s pale ale is usually my choice for keg beer. It has a malty taste, that you can drink all night and be satisfied. Switchback’s local charm and higher quality is always more than worth it compared to the macrobrew competition.

Heady Topper

The Alchemist is based out of Waterbury, Vermont and specializes in producing one great beer, Heady Topper.

Heady Topper is my favorite beer at the moment. BeerAdvocate rates Heady Topper 100 / 100, and I have to agree that it is definitely a world-class beer. Heady Topper smells and tastes of citrus, and conceals its 8% alcohol content well. According to The Alchemist, one should drink it straight from the can rather than pouring it into a glass.

Heady Topper has proven to be hard to find, as it tends to sell out as soon as it is stocked in stores. The best way to get this gem is straight from the factory on Mondays and Thursdays. I’ve noticed Finnigan’s Pub in Burlington, Vermont usually has them available as well.

Woodchuck

Vermont Hard Cider, maker of the Woodchuck brand cider, is based out of Middlebury, Vermont. Vermont Hard Cider has plans to be bought out by Ireland’s C&C Group for $305 million.

I’ve always found Woodchuck to be a solid, mainstream cider. It seems to be popular among the college crowd, and among casual drinkers. It’s high sugar content makes the first two go down easy, while drinking more than that tends to upset my stomache with its sweeteners. These days I tend to prefer other local, more natural tasting ciders.

Magic Hat

A growler from Magic Hat is pictured on the right.

Magic Hat is based out of Burlington, Vermont and is well known for producing #9, an apricot tasting pale ale.

I used to live down the road from Magic Hat, they have a great deal where you can buy a growler of beer from the brewery, and you can keep getting it refilled for a discounted price.

In addition to their regular lineup, Magic Hat also produces seasonal beers which can vary in quality. Generally they tend to be medium class beers. If you want to try a lot of Magic Hat, I recommend getting their variety pack.

Long Trail

Long Trail Brewing Company is a microbrewery based out of Bridgewater, Vermont and was founded in 1989. Long Trail is known for its environmentally conscious operation and brewing practices.

Long Trail is similar to Magic Hat in that they both produce very solid, middle-class beers with mild fruit flavors. I tend to prefer Long Trail over Magic Hat, but not everyone will agree with that assessment.

Rock Art

Rock Art Brewery is a microbrewery based out of Morrisville, Vermont. They tend to produce medium to high quality concoctions. The beer typically comes in a six pack or bomber but apparently you can get it on tap as well.

A lot of Rock Art’s beers strikes me as thin and floral tasting, especially the barley wine ale, Ridge Runner, that I’m drinking at the moment. Usually I’ll drink Rock Art if I’m looking to mix it up and get something interesting and unusual.

Vermont Pub And Brewery

Vermont Pub And Brewery is located in Burlington, Vermont. They brew a variety of high quality ales, stouts, porters, and more on site. The pub and brewery was founded by legendary brewer Greg Noonan, author of the indispensable . Greg Noonan died recently in 2009.

I actually had my first legal beer at Vermont Pub And Brewery when I turned twenty one. I haven’t been there in a while, but I remember being impressed with the quality and variety. Vermont Pub And Brewery also has an excellent selection of pub food even if you’re not looking for a brew.

Trout River

Trout River Brewing Company is based out of of Lyndonville, Vermont.

They offer solid beers that I find myself picking up occasionally when I get tired of the usual selection. Trout River also allows you to refill your growlers for a discounted price. If you live near Lyndonville, this works out to be a great deal.

Fiddlehead

Fiddlehead Brewing Company is a microbrewery based out of Shelburne, Vermont. Fiddlehead is available on tap across Vermont, and in growlers if picked up from the factory.

I actually haven’t had Fiddlehead in a long time, but from what I remember it is a solid IPA worth seeking out if you are visiting Vermont.

Otter Creek

Otter Creek Brewing is based out of Middlebury, Vermont.

Otter Creek is another beer I haven’t had in a while. Typically, it is something I get when I’m trying to mix it up and go for another local brew.

Conclusion

Heady Topper is the best beer you will find in Vermont. In fact, it may be the best beer you can find in America. It is definitely my beer of choice for canned beer.

Switchback is also my choice of beer when I go to the bars and get something on tap.

Although, Heady Topper and Switchback are two of my favorites, there is room for disagreement. What are your favorite Vermont beers and ciders?

Posted in Culture, Review | Tagged #9, alcohol, ale, barley wine ale, beer, BeerAdvocate, bomber, Bridgewater, Burlington, cider, Fiddlehead, Fiddlehead Brewing Company, Greg Noonan, growler, Heady Topper, IPA, Long Trail, Long Trail Brewing Company, Lyndonville, Magic Hat, microbreweries, Middlebury, Morrisville, New Brewing Lager Beer: The Most Comprehensive Book for Home and Microbrewers, Otter Creek, Otter Creek Brewing, Pabst Blue Ribbon, pale ale, porter, Ridge Runner, Rock Art, Rock Art Brewery, Shelburne, stout, Switchback, Switchback Brewing Company, The Alchemist, The Alchemist Pub and Brewery, Trout River, Trout River Brewing Company, Vermont, Vermont Hard Cider, Vermont Pub And Brewery, Woodchuck | Leave a reply

Cyberoptics: Upcoming Album Preview

Recently I spoke to dubstep artist about his upcoming, full length album on . He told me that the album is set to be released this winter, and will feature darker styles of production than on the past EP’s. Like the past albums, the songs will be heavily influenced by science fiction and video games.

Talking about dubstep in 2012, Cyberoptics said, “I think alot of new listeners are getting exposed to bass music/dubstep every day. And while a lot of influx of mediocre music may be happening now, maybe it will help lead these new listeners to the better sounds in EDM.”

Having heard the first two clips of upcoming songs (shown below), I have a feeling Cyberoptics’ album is going to blow that medicore competition out of the water.

Cyberoptics also gave a shoutout to , all his fans and supporters, and Skeptica Esoterica.

Clips of the songs Eternal Shade and Bolse from the upcoming album can be viewed below:

Why Aren’t You Using an SSH Tunnel?

Browsing the web can be a very insecure activity. You passwords, credit cards, and personal information can be stolen without you even knowing. I know saying that may sound repetitive at this point, but these are real threats. To steal someone’s information on a network you don’t have to put your balls on the line, versus physically breaking and entering into their house.

Spoofing a network is entirely too easy with the available software out now, so be careful in places with public wifi. Treat every network like it’s an insecure one, especially if you are doing online banking. Looking for the https:// in a website when logging in is good practice, but a sniffer with SSLstrip can tear through that. It cannot however, break through an SSH tunnel.

What is SSH?

Secure Shell (SSH) is a protocol used for secure data communication. It essentially tunnels through a network to the end host. SSH is commonly used to administrate Linux servers, so it is designed with security in mind. The encryption SSH uses provides confidentiality and integrity of the data over an insecure network. If you are on a laptop, it is imperative you at least use an SSH tunnel when you connect to other networks.

ssh-tunnel-diagram

Comparison of Before and After SSH

This is you logging in without SSH (or SSL, but remember, that can be spoofed easily):

unsecure-wireshark-sniffing

Note: This login credential is not real and is used for example only.

The following is the same login through an SSH tunnel. All of the traffic is encrypted. You should begin to see how big of a difference this is making.

ssh-wireshark-sniffing

So How Do I Get Started?

The only way to do this for free is if you have an old computer sitting in your basement. You can throw freeSSHd (for Windows) on there or load up a distro of Linux, forward the port on your router, and give it a hostname. (SSH’ing into that computer while you are still in your home would be moot.)

There are services that you can pay for that will give you an address already setup and you just point your client to it. These are generally more expensive per month ($10-$15) and have strict limits. Examples include Tunnlr and Hide My Ass!.

What I personally recommend and what I currently use is a virtual private server (VPS). A VPS is hosted in a datacenter somewhere and is a little bit more advanced because you have to manage it yourself. They are really cheap ($4 – $10) because they are virtualized, but they offer customizeable hardware options and great bandwidth options. You can also host other services on there such as websites, an FTP server (you better use SFTP after reading this), and any other use you can think of.

LowEndBox posts current deals for VPS’s and they usually have coupons as well.

I wanted my SSH tunnel to go to another country, so I purchased one in the United Kingdom from DotVPS.

Setting Up

My laptop is running Windows 7, so the following is my setup for tunneling a connection.

Putty is a common program for connecting to..well…anything. But it doesn’t have all of the features I wanted. So I went with . This program can connect on startup, automatically reconnect, minimize to tray, and open SFTP and Xterm windows when needed. Coccinellida is a good OS X alternative.

bitvise-ssh-tunnel-setup

This is the setting you need to configure to forward your traffic. Set the listen port to whatever you want (>1024 to be safe).

For Linux, just run:
ssh -

or for auto reconnect:
autossh -

Now change your connection settings in your browser. This is in Firefox:

firefox-ssh-tunnel-setup

And that’s it. You are now tunneling your traffic through an SSH tunnel. You should be able to browse and login to your accounts with a lot less paranoia now.

I use an addon for Firefox called , which let’s me easily switch between using my SSH tunnel or my regular connection.

Note: Getting a virtual private network (VPN) is just the same, if not better than SSH, because it encrypts all traffic over every protocol. However VPN’s are more expensive and harder to maintain.

Posted in Technology | Tagged Bitvise, Coccinellida, DotVPS, encryption, Firefox, freeSSHd, FTP, Hide My Ass!, identity theft, , LowEndBox, , OS X, Putty, QuickProxy, Secure Shell, SFTP, SSH, SSL, SSLstrip, Tunnlr, VPN, VPS, web security, , Windows 7, Xterm | 1 Reply

From Particles To People: Debunking Supernatural Claims

Theoretical physicist Sean Carroll gave a brilliant, well spoken lecture at The Amaz!ng Meeting 2012using science to explore the nature of the universe and humanity.

Carroll explained that the universe obeys natural laws that are most accurately described by quantum field theory. QFT says that there are three forces in nature that affect the macroscopic world: gravity, electromagnetism, and the nuclear force(s). Carroll also shows that other possible forces can be predicted using QFT’s equations. However, all of the possible predicted forces significant enough to affect the macroscopic domain have been shown to not exist.

QFT accounts for all forces on the macroscopic scale, therefore claims of additional forces that affect the macroscopic domain are false if we accept quantum field theory. So for example, someone claiming to be able to bend spoons using telekinetic forces would be incorrect, because all the macroscopic forces have already been accounted for – there can be no telekinetic force.

Sean Caroll’s full lecture at The Amaz!ng Meeting 2012 is provided by the James Randi Educational Foundation, and can be viewed below:

Faster Than Light: Tactics and Strategies

Earlier this week I wrote about the game FTL: Faster Than Light. It is a surprisingly difficult game to master and complete, so I’m going to explore some basic tactics, strategies, and tips for playing FTL well.

I will be covering which enemy space craft systems you should target, how to get skill points, how to micromanage your units to stop boarders, when to repair your hull, and much more.

1. Priority in Attacking Enemy Space Craft Systems

Typically the first system on the enemy’s space craft you want to target is their shield generator. Once their shields are down, your non-shield piercing weapons can do damage to their hull. Typically you should target their weapons system after their shields. This will minimize and prevent the damage they can do to you. If you have only shield piercing weapons then you can often just take out their weapons system and not worry about the shields.

2. Abusing Automated Ships for Skill Upgrades

If you have an ion weapon like on the starting Engi ship, The Torus, you can set it to autofire on an automated space craft’s weapons systems. This will prevent the space craft from hurting you, while you shoot at it repeatedly with your ion weapon to build up your crew member’s weapons skill.

Sometimes enemy space crafts will only have ion weapons or something that can’t penetrate your full shields. You can sit there and keep absorbing the shots with your shield, earning your crew member shield skills.

3. Medical Bay Micro

It is easiest to defend your ship from boarders by gathering your crew and fighting in your medical bay while it is powered on so that it heals them.

Only a limited amount of people can be in a room at once. When your crew members that are fighting get to low health, switch them out of the fight room for a full health crew member. If you can access your medical bay, put the hurt crew member in there to heal, and when he gets his health back, switch him back into the fight, pull out the current fighter, and heal him up in the medical bay, rinse and repeat.

4. Pick Dialogue Paths That Suit Your Current Needs

Play through Faster Than Light for long enough and you’ll start to get a good feel for what will happen if you choose certain dialogue options for events. For example, if you are prompted to “look for survivors” at an event, usually the reward will be an extra crew member, while the punishment may be the loss of a crew member. If you’re in sector 7 and have three crew members that are all highly skilled, then the reward of getting a crew member will mean a lot less than the possible punishment of losing one of your crew members. On the other hand if you are in sector 1 and have just started the game, it is worth the risk to try and get that extra crew member.

5. Don’t Repair Your Hull Unnecessarily

Don’t spend money now, that can be spent later. Saving up your scrap, instead of spending it needlessly on repairing minor hull damage, will give you more options. Just reached the store and see a good crew member, weapon, or augment you want but are short on cash? Not spending scrap on unnecessary hull repair or fuel could have given you that extra scrap needed to buy it.

Different stores charge different prices for repairing hull damage. Don’t spend four credits on repairing each point of hull damage if another store is only charging two credits to repair each point of hull damage.

6. Boarding Ships

Boarding ships and/or eliminating their crew members will typically earn you more scrap, fuel, missiles, and drone parts than if you simply destroyed their ship.

Before boarding take out their weapons system so your space craft doesn’t take any damage, and take out their medical bay so that they can’t camp in it and overpower you.

When boarding, teleport your crew to a two-man room so your crew doesn’t get surrounded and outnumbered.

7. Priority in Manning Space Craft Systems

The pilot system should be the first one manned. Without a pilot you have a 0% chance to evade enemy fire – unless you’ve invested in auto-pilot, which I wouldn’t really recommend.

The weapons system is next in line to be manned. If your weapons crew member is making you reload weapons 10% faster, then you will be doing 10% more damage to enemies.

Engines should be manned next. Manning the engines in the beginning will give your ship a 5% increased to evade enemy fire, which equates to taking 5% less damage.

Shields are the last in line to be manned. Though shields are very important, the benefit of manning the shields early on is small. In the beginning most ships start with one layer of shields that recharges quickly anyway. Later in the game manning the shields becomes much more important.

8. Venting Your Space Craft

Venting your space craft can be a good way to put out fires rather than pulling crew members off of manning systems. Venting your oxygen out of certain rooms can also be a good way to punish boarders, especially in combination with upgraded doors so that they can’t escape the room.

9. Pirates, Bribing, and You

Pirates who are willing to offer you a bribe to forget about them, often will make another bribe worth more resources if you beat it out of them.

If the pirate was chasing civilians, it is often worth it to destroy the pirate’s ship and then talk to the civilians for a reward. That way you may get double what you would have if you just accepted the bribe.

10. Investing in Your Space Craft

Two of the most important systems you can invest in are shields and engines. Shields are a rechargeable damage soaker that will prevent damage to your hull, while engines will increase your evasion rate significantly with each upgrade.

Failing to invest in weapons will also cause a problem. You may have no trouble finishing off enemies in a sector, but once you jump to a new one you may find that you can’t defeat anyone, nor get to a store to upgrade your weapons. Upgrade your weapons before you are forced to and you will save yourself and crew from an unnecessary demise.

Gaming on Linux is Far Overdue

Somewhere along your computer career you have probably been introduced to a distribution of Linux. You probably tried a LiveCD, or even dual booted. The problem was that every time you wanted to play your favorite game, you had to reboot back into Windows. Eventually, you ended up just sticking with your Windows partition and leaving Linux behind.

The big question is: Why?

Why haven’t popular mainstream games like World of Warcraft, Battlefield 3, and Half-Life 2 been developed for Linux? What’s holding developers back from porting their games over to the Linux OS?

Many developers say the problem is that digital rights management does not play well with Linux. Digital rights management (DRM) is what developers include in their software to keep people from pirating it. There are many recent articles, including here and here, about how DRM is not the right direction we should be moving towards. People are going to pirate games anyway. They want to see their money go right to the programs, rather than big corporations (see: Humble Bundle).

Another reason going around for why games are not ported over is that there are so many different Linux distros that it would be too much to port to each distro. Well, this is true, but not every distro needs to be accounted for. Three of the top five used Linux distros are based on Debian.

It’s about time that mainstream games made their way onto the Linux OS. It will increase the user base of Linux greatly. For most people using Linux, the only thing keeping their Windows partition intact are the games.

For this reason, porting games to Linux could lower the Windows user base by a lot. Microsoft will be forced to provide a real benefit to justify paying for their operating system. And it’s not just the end-customer, OEM’s will start to think, “Hey, Linux is free, has a familiar look and feel, can run alternative open source applications, and can run games now. Oh, and now I can distribute computers way cheaper than I could with Windows.” Microsoft will be in trouble, especially when people stop paying for their precious Office suite and move over to LibreOffice or OpenOffice.org.

A company that has recently been talking seriously about working with Linux is Valve. Valve is known for developing games such as Portal, Counter-Strike, and the Half-Life series. Valve also created a client for buying and downloading games on your computer called Steam. Steam is one of the major distributors of PC games and also hosts a very large community for PC gamers.

Many games are released through Steam, so just moving Steam and the 2,500 games available could be a driving force to make gaming on Linux more mainstream. Valve did it for Mac, and it worked with great success. They ported over the Half-Life 2 engine games, and that was enough to get a decent user base.

The Steam for Linux closed beta has just started. The reason for the Steam for Linux beta could be attributed to Gabe Newell, the founder of Valve, calling Windows 8 “a catastrophe”, and stating that he is jumping ship to Linux.

“The big problem that is holding back Linux is games. People don’t realize how critical games are in driving consumer purchasing behavior. We want to make it as easy as possible for the 2,500 games on Steam to run on Linux as well. It’s a hedging strategy. I think Windows 8 is a catastrophe for everyone in the PC space. I think we’ll lose some of the top-tier PC/OEMs, who will exit the market. I think margins will be destroyed for a bunch of people. If that’s true, then it will be good to have alternatives to hedge against that eventuality.” – Gabe Newell (founder of Valve)

If Steam were to move to Linux, the first thing I would do is format my Windows hard drive to make room for more episodes of The Walking Dead. Now if only Netflix would switch over to Linux…

Note: There are ways to run some games on Linux, but their compatibility is limited. Wine does a decent job, and PlayOnLinux tweaks Wine a little better. Running games inside of a virtual machine is kind of moot. But we shouldn’t have to rig games to work in our operating system.

Posted in Gaming, Technology | Tagged Battlefield 3, Counter-Strike, Debian, digital rights management, dual boot, Gabe Newell, gaming, Half-Life, Half-Life 2, Humble Bundle, LibreOffice, , LiveCD, , , OEM, OpenOffice.org, operating systems, partition, , PlayOnLinux, Portal, Steam, Steam for Linux beta, The Walking Dead, Valve, , virtual machine, , Windows 8, Wine, World of Warcraft | 1 Reply

The Evil Dead: New Movie Planned For 2013

Sam Raimi’s classic undead horror film The Evil Dead is getting a modern day remake for 2013. A relatively new director, Fede Alvarez, was chosen by Bruce Campbell to direct the new film. In an interview Bruce Campbell, the original film’s star, commented,

“The original producers are making this movie, not some cigar chomping random producer. We’ve thought about it long and hard, we had to find the right filmmaker and thankfully we did. Fede had an agent at CAA, and Sam Raimi was one of his stops, and Fede was a big Evil Dead fan and one thing lead to another.”

The Evil Dead (2013) will follow the same plot as the original film The Evil Dead (1981). A group of young friends retire to a remote cabin in the woods where they discover a book called the Necronomicon that brings the dead back to life. There have been rumors that the story takes a different direction after that, but we’ll have to wait and see.

The cast of the new Evil Dead will be Jane Levy, Lou Taylor Pucci, Elizabeth Blackmore, and Jessica Lucas. Apparently, Ash will be not be the main character anymore, but will instead be replaced with the female Mia.

The Evil Dead series, which includes, , , and , made no use of CGI, instead the movies relied on make up, camera tricks, and illusions. While understandable in a modern remake, CGI would have ruined part of the charm style that infused the original movies directed by Sam Raimi. Thankfully, Fede Alvarez has confirmed that they are forgoing it,

“We didn’t do any CGI in the movie. Everything you will see is real, which was really demanding. CGI is cheaper and faster, but I hate that. We researched a lot of illusion tricks.”

A trailer for the new Evil Dead was showcased at the New York Comic Con ’12 event to much fanfare. A bootleg copy of the trailer has been leaked online and is available to view below:

The Evil Dead trailer looks very solid even if it abandons the comedic side of the original film. It seems it will definitely make up for the lack of comedy by being a great horror, thriller film. Whether it stays true to the original or explores its own avenues, it looks like we are in for a treat come 2013.

Posted in Film | Tagged Army Of Darkness, Bruce Campbell, Elizabeth Blackmore, Evil Dead II, Fede Alvarez, horror, Jane Levy, Jessica Lucas, Lou Taylor Pucci, Necronomicon, Sam Raimi, The Evil Dead, thriller | Leave a reply